In a silicon smelting furnace, the electrode is the heart and an important component of the conductive system. The current is fed into the furnace through electrodes to generate an arc, which is used for chemical silicon smelting. Requirements for electrode materials: (1) Good conductivity and low resistivity to reduce electrical energy loss. (2) The melting point should be high, the coefficient of thermal expansion should be small, and it is not easy to deform; (3) At high temperatures, it has sufficient mechanical strength and low impurity content. Graphite electrodes have low ash content, good conductivity, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance, making them the best choice for chemical silicon smelting.